16th International Conference on Human Genomics and Genomic Medicine

Men and women share around 20,000 genes in common. Only the physical differences in the sex chromosomes can be distinguished from one another. It is only guys who have the Y chromosome. Despite the X chromosome being present in both sexes, females have two copies while males have just one. The X chromosome is one of two allosomes that determine sex in both men and females of many organisms, including mammals. It is a part of both the XY and the XO sex-determination systems. Early researchers named the X chromosome for its particular characteristics, which led to the subsequent discovery of its counterpart, the Y chromosome , which was named for the following letter in the alphabet. Males have one X and one Y chromosome, while females have two X chromosomes. Early in the development of the female embryo, one of the two X chromosomes is arbitrarily and irreversibly inactivated in cells other than the egg cells. This process is known as X-inactivation or lyonization. The Y chromosome is

  Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis is a method used in conjunction with in vitro fertilizations, or IVF, that enables testing of embryos for specific traits like their chromosomal make-up as well as testing for genetic illnesses that are handed down via families. In vitro fertilizations  and preimplantation genetic diagnostic tests can be done on a couple's embryos to determine whether one or both partners are carriers of a genetic mutation that could cause a major medical problem in the kid. In the past, couples with a genetic mutation had the option of choosing not to have children or having prenatal testing done with either amniocentesis at around 16 to 18 weeks of pregnancy or with chorionic villus sampling at around 11 to 12 weeks to determine whether the baby was affected by the genetic condition. In case the unborn child has the disease, the couple then has the choice to abort the pregnancy. Nowadays, carriers of genetic illnesses have the option of having IVF and PGD per

Human gene therapy aims to change a gene's expression or the biological characteristics of living cells for therapeutic purposes. Gene therapy is a method for treating or curing disease by changing a person's DNA. Gene treatments can function in a variety of ways: Swapping out a disease-causing gene for a healthy copy Inactivating a disease-causing gene that is not functioning properly The process of adding a new or altered gene to the organism in order to treat a condition Products utilizing gene therapy are being investigated for the treatment of diseases like cancer, genetic disorders, and infectious diseases.  There are a variety of types of gene therapy products, including: Plasmid DNA: The genetic engineering of circular DNA molecules can deliver therapeutic genes to human cells. Viral vectors: Some gene therapy products are generated from viruses because they naturally possess the capacity to introduce genetic material into cells. Viruses that have been altered to ma

The field of genomic medicine investigates how our genes (DNA) affect our health. The field of genomics looks at the use of a person's biological data to enhance clinical care and health outcomes, such as through accurate diagnosis and individualized therapy. Genomic research refers to the examination of a person's entire genetic make-up, whereas genetic research focuses on certain genes or collections of DNA "letters" along the strand. It focuses on how they interact and respond to one another and is linked to diseases with a wider range of triggers, including diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and asthma. Diagnosis — for example, when no other method can identify the root cause of a variety of symptoms. Prenatal tests that take place during pregnancy — either to screen (just in case the infant has a problem) or in cases when there is a family history. It supports the parents' decision-making and future planning. Prospective parents can learn if they are carriers

Cancer is a collection of illnesses spurred on by DNA alterations that alter cell function and lead to unregulated development and malignancy. These anomalies can include DNA mutations, rearrangements, deletions, amplifications, and the addition or removal of chemical markers, among other variations. Cells may produce aberrant quantities or misshaped proteins that do not function normally as a result of these alterations. Multiple genetic abnormalities frequently interact to generate cancer. Genetic changes can be inherited from one's parents, brought on by the environment, or arise naturally during processes like cell division. Acquired or somatic alterations are what occur over a person's lifetime and are responsible for 90–95% of all cancer cases. Importance of Cancer Genomics in Precision Cancer Medicine: The significance of cancer the use of genomics in targeted cancer treatment Precision medicine, which adapts treatment plans to the tumours of individual patients, i