How is genomics used in medicine?


The field of genomic medicine investigates how our genes (DNA) affect our health. The field of genomics looks at the use of a person's biological data to enhance clinical care and health outcomes, such as through accurate diagnosis and individualized therapy. Genomic research refers to the examination of a person's entire genetic make-up, whereas genetic research focuses on certain genes or collections of DNA "letters" along the strand. It focuses on how they interact and respond to one another and is linked to diseases with a wider range of triggers, including diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and asthma.
  • Diagnosis — for example, when no other method can identify the root cause of a variety of symptoms.
  • Prenatal tests that take place during pregnancy — either to screen (just in case the infant has a problem) or in cases when there is a family history. It supports the parents' decision-making and future planning.
  • Prospective parents can learn if they are carriers of a major genetic illness and if they can pass it on to their offspring if there is a family history of such problems. Even if a person is symptom-free now, it can still determine if they are likely to later in life develop the genetic ailment.
  • To assess risk — One's genetic make-up can reveal their propensity to develop certain diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, and stroke. It's possible that they are more prone to high cholesterol or vascular issues. Having this knowledge enables them to reduce the risk through medication, medical treatment, or healthy lifestyle choices.
The ways in which genomic medicine is making a difference:

This greater understanding of the links between biology and disease brings benefits on several levels.
  • Personal
  • Doctors
  • National level
  • On a world-wide scale
The field of genomic medicine as a whole is developing; one particularly fascinating topic is the investigation of genetic mutation pathways and their variations. However, what does this actually imply for people? As was previously said, due to the diverse spectrum of genes involved, some inherited disorders might be challenging to detect.

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